Pharyngitis involves inflammation of the pharynx. The condition is commonly referred to as sore throat. It can trigger a scratchy sensation along with difficulty swallowing.
Most cases occur during the cold season. It is also one of the reasons why many stay home from work. When treating a sore throat, it is vital to determine its cause.
Possible causes
There are various bacterial and viral agents that can cause pharyngitis such as:
- Chickenpox
- Measles
Pharyngitis is typically caused by viral infections such as the flu, common cold or mononucleosis. - Whooping cough
- Croup
- Adenovirus
The viruses are the usual cause of sore throat. Pharyngitis is typically caused by viral infections such as the flu, common cold or mononucleosis.
Bacterial infection is also a possible cause but considered uncommon. The common bacterial infection affecting the throat is strep throat.
Suffering from frequent cold and flu also increases the risk for the condition. This is true for individuals in the healthcare field as well as those with allergies and frequent sinus infections.
Indications of pharyngitis
The indications that occur with pharyngitis is based on the underlying condition. Aside from a dry, sore or scratchy throat, common cold or flu can cause:
- Cough
- Runny nose
- Sneezing
- Fever
- Chills
- Body aches
- Fatigue
- Headache
Strep throat which is another form of pharyngitis can trigger the following:
- Fever
- Chills
- Difficulty swallowing
- Swollen lymph nodes
- Reddened throat with gray or white patches
- Generalized malaise
- Nausea
- Unusual taste in the mouth
- Appetite loss
Management
Home care
In case a virus is responsible for pharyngitis, home measures can alleviate the symptoms such as:
- Increasing the intake of fluids to prevent dehydration
- Using a humidifier
- Eating warm broth
- Adequate rest
- Gargle using warm salt water
For relief from pain and fever, over-the-counter medications such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen can be given. In addition, throat lozenges can also provide a soothing effect for a scratchy, painful throat.
Medical care
In some instances, medical care is required especially if a bacterial infection is the cause. In such cases, antibiotics are prescribed by the doctor.
Penicillin is the commonly prescribed antibiotic for sore throat. The prescribed course must be finished to prevent the infection from returning or becoming worse.