A fissured tongue is a benign condition that affects the upper surface of the tongue. It is important to note that a normal tongue is flat across its length. If an individual has a fissured tongue, it is characterized by a deep, projecting groove in the center. It can also be accompanied by small-sized furrows or fissures throughout the surface which causes the tongue to have a crumpled appearance.
The precise cause for a fissured tongue is usually unknown. Based on studies, it is believed that it occurs due to an underlying syndrome or condition such as infection, malnutrition or Down syndrome.
What are the indications?
A fissured tongue has an appearance as if the tongue is split in half lengthwise. Oftentimes, there are several fissures as well.
The tongue might also appear cracked and the deep groove in the tongue is evident. The central part of the tongue is typically affected but there might also be fissures on other parts of the tongue.
Possible causes
The precise cause of a fissured tongue is not yet known. On the other hand, the condition is believed to be triggered by variations in the normal tongue.
The condition is also linked with certain syndromes especially Down syndrome and Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome. Additionally, the condition might also be a hereditary condition that is often seen in families.
Management
A fissured tongue does not usually require treatment. Nevertheless, it is vital to observe proper oral and dental hygiene such as thorough brushing of the upper surface of the tongue to get rid of food debris and clean the tongue.
Bacteria and plaque might buildup in the fissures which results to bad breath and an increased risk for developing tooth decay.
The individual should stick with a daily dental care routine which includes daily brushing and flossing. A dentist should be consulted at least twice in a year for professional cleaning.