It is important to note that the coronary arteries supply the heart tissue with blood rich in oxygen. When it comes to coronary artery disease, the deposit of fat or plaque inside the arteries reduces the internal space available, thus reducing the flow of blood. Coronary artery bypass grafting or cardiac bypass surgery (CABG) involves the removal of a section of a blood vessel from another part of the body and sewing it to the coronary artery. Take note that the procedure bypasses the plaque-filled area and restores the oxygen-rich blood flow to the heart. Even though most cases of this procedure are successful, certain complications can arise.
The individual should carefully discuss all aspects regarding the cardiac bypass surgery due to the possible complications that might arise. It is important to be well aware of the benefits as well as the risks involved so that the individual can make an informed decision.
Infection
Major infections have been the usual complication of CABG surgery. Based on studies conducted, some individuals develop a major infection after the operation. The most common types infections include blood infections, infections at the surgical site from which the grafted vessels where harvested as well as deep tissue infection of the surgical site.
There are several factors linked with a higher risk for CABG postoperative infection which includes obesity, diabetes, previous heart attack, high blood pressure, prolonged operation time, unplanned surgery as well as dialysis-dependent kidney failure and immunosuppressant medications. Individuals who experienced CABG surgery who develop major postoperative infection face a higher risk of death compared to those who do not develop infection.
Stroke
Stroke is uncommon but a potentially serious complication of cardiac bypass surgery. Those who had the CABG surgery can suffer from a procedure-related stroke which commonly occurs during the first postoperative day. A blood clot that travels to one of the arteries that supply the brain can cause most of the post-CABG strokes.
In a study conducted, the factors linked with a higher risk for CABG-related stroke include a recent heart attack, chronic kidney disease, high blood pressure, diabetes, heart rhythm abnormalities and advanced age. A stroke that is linked with cardiac bypass surgery can increase the risk for a fatal outcome. Always remember that stroke is considered as a medical emergency that entails immediate medical care. You can be prepared to handle this condition before the medical team arrives on the scene by enrolling in a first aid class today.
Acute kidney failure
The varying degrees of kidney failure can develop during the postoperative period after cardiac bypass surgery. Individuals who undergo CABG are likely to develop acute kidney failure with a small percentage that requires kidney dialysis. Among this group of individuals, the risk for death in the postoperative period increases. Most cases with acute postoperative kidney failure can recover their preoperative level of kidney function weeks after the surgery.