Infectious arthritis involves infection in a joint. This occurs once an infection can be triggered by a virus or bacteria that infiltrates a joint or the fluid that surrounds the joint or synovial fluid. Remember that this infection typically starts in a different part of the body and spreads via the bloodstream up to the joint tissue. The infection can also enter the body via open wounds, surgery or injections.
Infectious arthritis does not usually affect a single joint. The condition affects the large joints such as the hip, knee or the shoulder. It also occurs more often among children, older adults and those who are using prohibited drugs.
What are the indications?
The symptoms of infectious arthritis tend to vary depending on the age and medications currently used. The usual symptoms might include the following:
- Swollen joint
- Intense pain that is aggravated by movement
- Fever
- Redness and warmth surrounding the joint
- Chills
Infectious arthritis does not usually affect a single joint. The condition affects the large joints such as the hip, knee or the shoulder. - Fatigue
- Appetite loss
- Weakness
- Irritability
- Rapid heart rate
Management
The treatment for infectious arthritis can be caused by bacteria that typically starts with antibiotics to eliminate the bacteria. The doctor might utilize information from testing to select an antibiotic effective for the type of bacteria present in the joint.
The infection should be treated promptly and in an aggressive manner to prevent osteoarthritis and joint damage. The doctor might order intravenous antibiotics that are administered via the veins. This will treat the infection rapidly than the oral antibiotics. Many individuals start to feel better within 48 hours of the initial antibiotic treatment.
Oral antibiotics might be prescribed to manage the infection. The antibiotics for infectious arthritis should be taken for 6-8 weeks. It is essential to complete the entire course to treat the infection effectively. The doctor might prescribe antifungal medications instead of antibiotics if the cause is fungus. Remember that a case triggered by a virus will not require medications.
What is drainage of the synovial fluid?
Those who have infectious arthritis might require drainage of the synovial fluid. This is performed to reduce the pain and swelling as well as prevent further damage to the joint. The synovial fluid is drained by utilizing arthroscopy but can also be carried out using an open surgical procedure.