Salmonellosis is an infection brought about by the Salmonella bacteria. The bacteria can move from the intestine into the bloodstream and infect other organs. Oftentimes, it can cause a long-term infection.
The condition can be detrimental for young children, elderly or those who have a weak immune system.
What are the signs?
The individual will start to feel sick within 8 hours to 3 days after consuming contaminated food. The usual signs include:
- Fever and chills
- Diarrhea that might be streaked with blood
- Nausea and vomiting
- Abdominal pain or tenderness
In case the infection spreads to the bloodstream, the signs might include:
- Rashes
- Fever that comes and goes for several days
- Sore throat
- Headache
- Cough
- Joint pain and discomfort around the lungs and heart
Management of salmonellosis
The objective of treatment is to control the diarrhea and vomiting as well as prevent dehydration. If there is loss of fluids, hospitalization is required so that intravenous fluids are started. The individual is also assessed for other potential complications of dehydration such as kidney issues.
If undernourished, very young, seriously sick or diagnosed with sickle cell disease, the doctor might prescribe antibiotics.
Salmonellosis typically lasts for 3-5 days. The bacteria might still be present in the body for some time after the symptoms have settled.
Some of the self-care measures include:
- Allowing the stomach and bowels to rest but ensure that clear fluids are taken.
- Eat plain, soft foods such as toast, soda crackers, rice, bananas and cooked cereal.
- For the stomach pain, apply a heating pad or hot water bottle.
- The individual should get enough rest by sitting or lying down with the head propped up.