A perforated eardrum involves a tear or rupture in the tympanic membrane between the outer and middle ear. The tympanic membrane or eardrum vibrates as a response to sound waves that enter the ear. The nerve cells in the middle and inner ear send out signals to the brain that is perceived as sound.
If an individual ends up with a ruptured eardrum, there is acute pain along with drainage of pus and blood. The hearing might be muffled or impaired. A perforated eardrum can also be caused by an infection that leads to the buildup of fluid or pus in the middle or inner ear. The ear continues to swell and the eardrum might burst if there is excess pressure.
What are the indications?
The indications of a perforated eardrum mainly occur in the ear but can affect other bodily systems. The usual symptoms include the following:
- Perceivable whistling from the ear when blowing the nose
If an individual ends up with a ruptured eardrum, there is acute pain along with drainage of pus and blood. - Loss of hearing
- Dizziness
- Ear pain
- Facial pain or weakness
- Ringing or buzzing in the ear
- Drainage of pus or blood from the ear
Risk factors
Various factors increase the risk for developing a perforated eardrum such as:
- Ear infections
- Flying, diving or activities that involve rapid changes in the pressure
- Previous ear surgery
- Foreign objects in the ear
- Being exposed to loud noises
Management
The treatment for a perforated eardrum involves antibiotics if an infection is likely or as a preventive measure from possible infection. The doctor might patch the ear to prevent bacteria from entering and allow healing of the eardrum.
Analgesics such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen might be given for pain relief. Other self-care measures include the application of a warm heating pad over the ear. Make sure that the area is dry while swimming or showering to hasten the healing process.
More Information / Disclaimer
The information posted on this page on perforated eardrum is for learning purposes only. Learn to recognize and manage ear injuries and conditions by taking a standard first aid course with Toronto First Aid.