A second degree burn or partial thickness burn affects the epidermis and portion of the dermis. The burn site appears red in color, blistered and can be swollen and painful. This injury to the skin is caused by radiation, heat, electricity, friction or exposure to chemicals.
Superficial partial thickness burn that affects the first and second layers of the skin are often caused by hot objects or hot water. The skin surrounding the burn turns white in color when pressed and then turns back to red. The burn is moist and painful with swelling and blistering that usually lasts for at least 48 hours.
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Deep partial thickness burns involves the profound layers of the skin and has white or red areas. This burn is frequently caused by exposure to grease, hot oil and hot liquids. This burn does not cause a lot of pain but can cause a sensation of pressure. The skin appears spotted and stays white when pressed and can appear waxy in some parts and dry or slightly moist. Always remember that infection is a concern with this type of burn.
It will take several days before the symptoms develop and become apparent whether the burn is deep or superficial. The treatment varies depending on the size, age, depth and overall health. With all cases of burns, it is vital to observe and seek treatment if signs of infection manifest. Lastly, second degree burns will leave scars after the burns heal. By enrolling in a course on first aid, you will learn how to handle burns.
Causes of a second degree burn
In most cases, a partial thickness second degree burn can be caused by the following:
- Exposure to flames
- Scald injuries
- Sunburn
- Electricity
- Chemical exposure
- Contact with hot objects
Symptoms of a second degree burn
When it comes to a second degree burn, the individual will experience the following symptoms distinctively which includes the following.
- Deep redness of the skin
- Blisters
- Affected area looks shiny and wet
- Skin is painful to the touch
- Burn can appear white or discolored in an irregular pattern
Always bear in mind that the symptoms of a second degree burn can strikingly resemble other conditions. If there are doubts, it is best to consult a doctor.
Treatment a second degree burn
Second degree burns that are superficial typically heal in a span of three weeks as long as the affected area is kept clean and properly protected. As for deep second degree burns, it will take a longer time to heal. There is a specific treatment for this degree of damage that will be determined by a doctor. The treatment is based on the age, health, medical history, extent of damage, location and the cause.
Cases in which the affected area does not cover more than 10 percent of the skin surface, it can be treated in an outpatient setting. The treatment depends on the severity of the burn which typically includes the following:
- Application of antibiotic ointments
- Daily cleansing of the wound to eliminate dead skin
- Daily changing of the dressing one or two times in a day depending on the severity of the burn
Always bear in mind that wound cleaning and dressing changes might cause a lot of pain. In such cases, a pain reliever can be given. Additionally, if there are blisters, take care not to pop them open.