Even though injuries from frostbite eventually heal, the damage can persist. Being exposed to cold weather conditions or direct exposure to a freezing material such as metal or an ice pack can cause frostbite.
An individual generally suffers from hypothermia or reduced core body temperature along with frostbite. The symptoms that manifest right away include loss of sensation, numbness and reddish or white skin. In most cases, the injuries usually occur on the feet and hands. The possible complications of the condition can develop months later and often irreversible.
Neuropathic symptoms of frostbite
Remember that all forms of frostbite can result to long-standing neuropathic effects or nerve damage. An individual will start to lose sensation on the affected body part and experience heightened sensitivity to hot and cold temperatures.
The ensuing nerve damage and numbness are often lasting. Intense pain can be linked with the injured area. In some cases, narcotics are needed to control the initial pain, but the individual might be able to use neuropathic pain medications such as gabapentin for long-term use.
Risk for gangrene and amputation
Once the core body temperature of the individual drops, the body instantly reduces the circulation of blood from the extremities so the vital organs receives enough oxygenation. The diminished flow of blood results to tissue death and decay which is commonly known as gangrene.
Being able to identify gangrene usually takes several days after sustaining the initial frostbite injury. The skin tissues eventually harden and turns black in appearance. The amount of the rotting tissue depends on the extent of the injury as well as time being exposed to cold temperatures.
Elimination of the dead tissue is needed to promote proper healing or infection will set in. The debridement of the dead tissue could not be done until 1-3 months after the injury. In severe cases, removal of a large area of skin or body parts might be needed.
What is complex regional pain syndrome?
Individuals suffer from symptoms that are similar to complex regional pain syndrome. The signs and symptoms of the condition include burning or aching pain, increased sweating episodes and reduced range of motion.
The precise cause is still unknown but the condition often manifests after sustaining an injury. The presence of discomfort or pain is often linked with emotional stress or environmental alterations. The treatment is considered effective if started early and usually includes medications, acupuncture and physical therapy.